Improvement in cultivators



'A. s. MARKHAM.

. Wheel-Cultivator.

N'@.--52,429; Patented. Feb. 5, 1866.

N.FETERS, PHOTO-LITHDGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D O

UN-rrEn STATES PAT NT amen.

A. S. MARKHAM OFBUSHN'ELL, ILLINOIS.

lM PRQVEM'ENT IN 'CULTLVATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 52,429, dated February 6, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, A. S. MARKHAM, of Bushnell, in the county of McDonough and State of Illinois, have invented a new and Improved Oultivator; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure .1 is a side sectional view of my invention, taken in the line as m, Fig. 2; Fig. 2, a plan or top view of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Thisinvention relates to a new and improved cultivator of that class designed for cultivatin g crops grown in hills or drills, and in a novel arrangement of parts, hereinafter fully shown and described, whereby the adjusting or moving of the plows is placed under the complete control of the operator, and the plows rendered capable of being operated with the greatest facility.

A represents an axle having a wheel, B, on each end of it; and G is a rectangular frame composed of two parallel bars, a a, secured on the axle at right angles, and connected at their front ends by a cross-bar, b.

The frame 0 has an upright, c, secured to each side of it, said uprights being connected at their upper ends by a cross-bar, d.

D is the draft-pole, attached to the center of the axle A, and provided with the usual double, tree E. At the rear part of the draft-pole there are attached metal loops e 6, into which a bar, F, is fitted, said bar having the drivers seat G at its rear end. This arrangement admits of the seat being adjusted farther forward or backward, as occasion may require.

H H represent twoplow-beams, the front ends of which are provided with universal joints L, and are connected by bolts or pins f to pendants J, the upper parts of which are secured in the front part of the frame (J by means of a rod, K the pendants being allowed to swing or turn on said rod, so that their lower parts may be adjusted farther forward or backward. These pendants are secured in position by means of pins or bolts g, passing through them and through the front parts of the bars L L, the rear ends of which are secured to the axle,'said bars having two or more holes made in them, as well as the pendants J, through any of which the pins or bolts 9 may pass, according to the position in which it may be desired to secure the pendants. By this arrangement the plows M, which are secured to the beams H H, may be adjusted farther forwardor backward, as desired, and the plows, in consequence of the beams H H being attached to the pendants J by means of the universal joints I, rendered capable of being raised or lowered or moved laterally with the greatest facility.

The depth of the penetration of the plows into the earth is regulated by means of chains J which are attached to the beams H H, and are fitted on hooks h in the cross-bar (I of the uprights c o. By adjusting these chains-that is to say, hooking them up more or less-the depth of the penetration of the plows may be regulated, as desired.

To each plow-beam H there is attached a treadle, K, which may be operated by the driver from his seat L. These treadles are connected to the chains J by links M", and it will be seen that by depressing the treadles the plows may be raised up out of the ground at any time.

The upper ends of the pendants J are connected to plates N, which are attached to the draft-pole, said plates having a series of holes made in them, through any of which boltsi pass. By this means the pendants J, and consequently the plows, may be adjusted nearer together or farther apart on the rod K, and the hooks h may be adjusted nearer together or farther apart on the cross-bar d.

By adjusting the front ends of the'beams H H near together, and the rear ends rather farther apart, the earth will be thrown toward the plants, and'by adjusting said beams in an opposite position the earth will be thrown from the plants.

The device may be used as a gang-plow by attaching mold-board plows to the standards of the beams,and the beams are provided with handles, to enable the driver to operate the plows when he prefers walking behind the implement.

as new and desire to secure by LettersPat- The securing of the pendants J on the rod K by means of'bolts 41 passing through any of a series of holes in plates N N, attached to the draft pole, substantially as shown and described.

A. S. MARKHAM.

Witnesses:

DAVID JOHNSON, J. '1. SANDERS. 

